fix(brainfs): refuse an in-brain file swapped in behind a symlink; in-brain test targets (#157)

Review round 1 on PR #168:

- ReadRegular/ReadRegularMax Lstat the path, then open it again by path;
  os.Root follows an in-root final symlink even with O_NOFOLLOW, so a
  symlink to another brain file swapped in between was read (8k-109k
  raw/ leaks in RebuildIndex, LoadInventory, IndexDoc). The opened handle
  must now be the same file as the Lstat (os.SameFile). This covers every
  ReadRegular caller, slices 1-3 included.
- Every symlink test pointed outside the brain, which os.Root refuses on
  its own. Each now has an in-brain case too: a static in-brain link per
  reader, AssertNoLeakFrom with an in-brain target, and brainfs unit tests
  for ReadDirRegular and the in-brain swap.
- brainfstest: swap links are relative (os.Root refuses every absolute
  link, so an absolute in-brain target tested nothing), and each swapper
  has its own temp name (two swappers on one path deadlocked on each
  other's FIFO).
- IndexDoc indexes only a clean wiki/ or knowledge/ path (callers pass
  caller-supplied paths).
- Rule 9: TestLoadInventoryReturnsErrNotRegularForASymlinkedTypeDir now
  asserts the error; the backfill test says it aborts on a symlinked root.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ingestion/internal/brainfs/brainfstest/brainfstest.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package brainfstest
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ func Outside(t *testing.T) string {
 	return p
 }
 
+var swapSeq atomic.Int64
+
 // StartSwap renames, in a loop, a regular note (content inside) and either
 // a symlink to outside or a FIFO into path, until the test ends. FIFOs get a
 // writer held open until the swapper exits, so a reader that skips the
@@ -47,7 +50,15 @@ func StartSwap(t *testing.T, path, inside, outside string, fifo bool) {
 	wg.Add(1)
 	go func() {
 		defer wg.Done()
-		tmp := path + ".swap"
+		// A name of its own: swappers on one path share a test, and one
+		// opening another's FIFO for write would block forever.
+		tmp := fmt.Sprintf("%s.swap%d", path, swapSeq.Add(1))
+		// A relative link: os.Root refuses every absolute link on its own, so
+		// an absolute in-brain target would test nothing.
+		link := outside
+		if rel, err := filepath.Rel(filepath.Dir(path), outside); err == nil {
+			link = rel
+		}
 		var writers []*os.File
 		defer func() {
 			for _, w := range writers {
@@ -66,7 +77,7 @@ func StartSwap(t *testing.T, path, inside, outside string, fifo bool) {
 					}
 				}
 			default:
-				_ = os.Symlink(outside, tmp)
+				_ = os.Symlink(link, tmp)
 			}
 			_ = os.Rename(tmp, path)
 		}
@@ -74,11 +85,33 @@ func StartSwap(t *testing.T, path, inside, outside string, fifo bool) {
 	t.Cleanup(func() { stop.Store(true); wg.Wait() })
 }
 
+// WriteSentinelAt writes a file carrying Sentinel at p (creating its
+// directory), for an in-brain symlink target.
+func WriteSentinelAt(t *testing.T, p string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(p), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(p, []byte(outsideContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return p
+}
+
 // AssertNoLeak loops read for d while a symlink swapper runs on path, and
-// fails if any output contains Sentinel.
+// fails if any output contains Sentinel. The symlink points outside the
+// brain; os.Root refuses that on its own, so pair it with AssertNoLeakFrom
+// and an in-brain target.
 func AssertNoLeak(t *testing.T, path, inside string, d time.Duration, read func() string) {
 	t.Helper()
-	StartSwap(t, path, inside, Outside(t), false)
+	AssertNoLeakFrom(t, path, inside, Outside(t), d, read)
+}
+
+// AssertNoLeakFrom is AssertNoLeak with the symlink pointing at target, e.g.
+// a file elsewhere in the brain written with WriteSentinelAt.
+func AssertNoLeakFrom(t *testing.T, path, inside, target string, d time.Duration, read func() string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	StartSwap(t, path, inside, target, false)
 	leaks, iters := 0, 0
 	for deadline := time.Now().Add(d); time.Now().Before(deadline); iters++ {
 		leaks += strings.Count(read(), Sentinel)