diff --git a/internal/reconcile/disputes.go b/internal/reconcile/disputes.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27b0be5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/reconcile/disputes.go
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package reconcile
+
+import "strings"
+
+// Dispute is one place where the two transcripts disagree. BaseStart:BaseEnd and
+// AltStart:AltEnd are token ranges into the two Tokenize results; an empty range
+// means that engine heard nothing there. Base and Alt are the two readings as each
+// engine wrote them, so a replaced span takes the alternative's own spelling.
+type Dispute struct {
+	BaseStart, BaseEnd int
+	AltStart, AltEnd   int
+	Base, Alt          string
+}
+
+// FindDisputes aligns base against alt word by word and returns the disagreements.
+// Differences separated by a single shared word are merged into one dispute: for a
+// reader that is one decision, and asking about "b" and "d" separately in "b c d"
+// hides that "c" sits between them. Two shared words keep disputes apart.
+func FindDisputes(base, alt []Token) []Dispute {
+	a, b := keysOf(base), keysOf(alt)
+	ops := Diff(a, b)
+	var out []Dispute
+	for i := 0; i < len(ops); i++ {
+		if ops[i].Kind == Equal {
+			continue
+		}
+		cur := ops[i]
+		for i+2 < len(ops) && ops[i+1].Kind == Equal && ops[i+1].AEnd-ops[i+1].AStart == 1 && ops[i+2].Kind != Equal {
+			cur.AEnd, cur.BEnd = ops[i+2].AEnd, ops[i+2].BEnd
+			i += 2
+		}
+		out = append(out, Dispute{
+			BaseStart: cur.AStart, BaseEnd: cur.AEnd,
+			AltStart: cur.BStart, AltEnd: cur.BEnd,
+			Base: join(base[cur.AStart:cur.AEnd]),
+			Alt:  join(alt[cur.BStart:cur.BEnd]),
+		})
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// fillers are Swedish discourse particles. A dispute that is only one or two of them
+// on one side changes no meaning, so it is resolved without asking a model. The list
+// is deliberately short and leaves out words that can be an answer ("nej") or that
+// carry content.
+var fillers = map[string]bool{
+	"ju": true, "då": true, "liksom": true, "alltså": true, "så": true, "ja": true,
+	"eh": true, "ehm": true, "öh": true, "mm": true, "hm": true, "typ": true, "va": true, "asså": true,
+}
+
+// maxFillerRun is how many filler words may be waved through together.
+const maxFillerRun = 2
+
+// AutoResolve reports whether a dispute needs no model, in which case the base
+// reading is kept: either the two sides are the same letters once spaces are removed
+// (a compound written as one word or two), or one side is empty and the other is a
+// short run of filler words.
+func AutoResolve(d Dispute) bool {
+	baseKeys, altKeys := keysOfText(d.Base), keysOfText(d.Alt)
+	if strings.Join(baseKeys, "") == strings.Join(altKeys, "") {
+		return true
+	}
+	return (len(baseKeys) == 0 && onlyFillers(altKeys)) || (len(altKeys) == 0 && onlyFillers(baseKeys))
+}
+
+func onlyFillers(keys []string) bool {
+	if len(keys) == 0 || len(keys) > maxFillerRun {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		if !fillers[k] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// ContextAround returns up to window words of the base before and after the dispute,
+// as the base wrote them.
+func ContextAround(base []Token, d Dispute, window int) (before, after string) {
+	return join(base[max(0, d.BaseStart-window):d.BaseStart]), join(base[d.BaseEnd:min(len(base), d.BaseEnd+window)])
+}
+
+func keysOf(ts []Token) []string {
+	out := make([]string, len(ts))
+	for i, t := range ts {
+		out[i] = t.Key
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func keysOfText(s string) []string { return keysOf(Tokenize(s)) }
+
+func join(ts []Token) string {
+	parts := make([]string, len(ts))
+	for i, t := range ts {
+		parts[i] = t.Text
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, " ")
+}