diff --git a/cmd/tapir/scheduler.go b/cmd/tapir/scheduler.go
index f7cd560..f8ed8ad 100644
--- a/cmd/tapir/scheduler.go
+++ b/cmd/tapir/scheduler.go
@@ -49,10 +49,12 @@ func buildUserRunner(cfg config.Config, st *store.Store, secretStore ports.Secre
 		runner.WithAutoWindow(cfg.AutoSummarizeWindow)), nil
 }
 
-// userLister enumerates every registered user. *store.Store satisfies it via
-// ListAllUsers. A small local interface keeps the scheduler testable with a fake.
+// userLister enumerates every registered user and reports a user's video
+// connections. *store.Store satisfies it via ListAllUsers + ConnectionsForUser.
+// A small local interface keeps the scheduler testable with a fake.
 type userLister interface {
 	ListAllUsers(ctx context.Context) ([]store.UserIdentity, error)
+	ConnectionsForUser(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]store.Connection, error)
 }
 
 // runDiscoveryPass runs one discovery pass for every user. runUser performs a
@@ -78,6 +80,18 @@ func runDiscoveryPass(
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
 			break // shutting down: stop enumerating
 		}
+		// Skip users with no video connection. A discovery pass for them only
+		// attempts to resolve a token that was never minted, logging a spurious
+		// "ref not found" every tick (e.g. stale Dex-era orphan identities).
+		conns, err := lister.ConnectionsForUser(ctx, u.UserID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warn("scheduler: list connections failed", "user", u.UserID, "err", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(conns) == 0 {
+			log.Debug("scheduler: skipping user with no video connections", "user", u.UserID)
+			continue
+		}
 		stats, err := runUser(ctx, u.UserID)
 		total = sumStats(total, stats)
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/cmd/tapir/scheduler_test.go b/cmd/tapir/scheduler_test.go
index 97fd536..a56b88d 100644
--- a/cmd/tapir/scheduler_test.go
+++ b/cmd/tapir/scheduler_test.go
@@ -21,14 +21,25 @@ func quietLog() *slog.Logger {
 
 // fakeLister returns a fixed user set (or an error) for the scheduler under test.
 type fakeLister struct {
-	users []store.UserIdentity
-	err   error
+	users  []store.UserIdentity
+	err    error
+	noConn map[string]bool // users that have NOT connected a video source
 }
 
 func (f fakeLister) ListAllUsers(context.Context) ([]store.UserIdentity, error) {
 	return f.users, f.err
 }
 
+// ConnectionsForUser reports a single youtube connection for every user except
+// those in noConn, which return zero — the connection-less case the scheduler
+// must skip instead of running (and failing to resolve a token for).
+func (f fakeLister) ConnectionsForUser(_ context.Context, userID string) ([]store.Connection, error) {
+	if f.noConn[userID] {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	return []store.Connection{{Provider: "youtube"}}, nil
+}
+
 // countingRunUser records how many passes each user got, optionally failing for
 // specific users, under a mutex so it is safe across the scheduler goroutine.
 type countingRunUser struct {
@@ -91,6 +102,21 @@ func TestDiscoveryPassRunsEveryUserOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, 3, stats.Summarized, "stats are summed across users")
 }
 
+func TestDiscoveryPassSkipsUsersWithoutConnections(t *testing.T) {
+	// b never connected a video source (e.g. a stale Dex-era orphan identity).
+	// It must be skipped silently — not run and logged as a token error every pass.
+	lister := fakeLister{users: usersN("a", "b", "c"), noConn: map[string]bool{"b": true}}
+	rc := newCountingRunUser()
+
+	stats := runDiscoveryPass(context.Background(), lister, rc.run, quietLog())
+
+	require.Equal(t, 1, rc.count("a"))
+	require.Equal(t, 0, rc.count("b"), "a user with no connection must be skipped, not run")
+	require.Equal(t, 1, rc.count("c"))
+	require.Equal(t, 2, stats.Summarized, "only connected users contribute")
+	require.Equal(t, 0, stats.Errors, "skipping is silent — no spurious error stat")
+}
+
 func TestDiscoveryPassOneUserFailureDoesNotStopOthers(t *testing.T) {
 	lister := fakeLister{users: usersN("a", "b", "c")}
 	rc := newCountingRunUser("b") // user b's pass errors